"All members of a culture that practice music are expected to be abelt to engage with music in culturally appropriate ways" (1: Cross 2008)

"Introduction
In this paper I shall make a number of claims about music. I shall claim that music,
like language, is a fundamental part of the human communicative toolkit. It is
unique and specific to humans, but music is not "natural" while language is
symbolic; music and language are both equally symbolic and natural domains of
human thought and behaviour. I shall propose that music - musicality - underpins
the intellectual and social flexibility displayed by modern humans. As a corollary of
this, I shall claim that many of the most important abstract concepts that frame and
give meaning to human interaction - such as social justice, that aspect of morality
which is concerned with the achievement of equity in human relations - have their
roots in human musicality. I am not proposing that without music there can be no
social justice; I am simply submitting that without musicality the flexibility in
managing social relations that characterises modern humans and that constitutes the
matrix within which abstract conceptions such as social justice can take form is less
likely to have arisen."

SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS (Management of) - a function performed by all music - "music's inability to express unambiguous meaning underwrites its powers to manage situations of social uncertainty" (2)

HONEST SIGNALLING- "revealing the the receiver qualities of the signaller that are relevant to the communicative situation" (3) " Music, as an expression of emotion, constitutes an 'honest signal' in revealing to a listener qualities of the music's producer that are necessarily concomitant on the nature of the signal" (3)

MOOD INDUCTION PROCEDURE - Music can affect and control moods more effectively than other methods.

MANAGEMENT-ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK - Animals make sounds to manage  "their physical and social envireonments rather than to transmit information" (4)

EXPRESSIVE SIZE SYMBOLISM -  A small animal transmits a low frequency to "broadcast an impression of large size" (4)

Review of music and meaning by Meyer, view brief overview of terms