The Willets Point Redevelopment Plan has been designed to include exciting retail and entertainment offerings, a hotel and convention center, thousands of mixed-income residential units and new public open spaces and other community amenities. The mixed-use program will create thousands of new permanent jobs and construction jobs, transforming Willets Point into a dynamic regional destination.

This article deals with copyright legislation and jurisprudence in terms of the various forms and degrees of control apportioned to copyright owners and producers and distributors of technologies used to disseminate copyrighted works. It analyzes the rulings of several court cases tracing the evolution of current copyright practices regarding distribution technologies beginning with the Betamax case and ending with Napster. The author describes each case in terms of a struggle for control over the distribution of works of authorship between copyright owners and producers of technologies of dissemination. She concedes that the trend in digital media copyright protection has been to grant copyright owners control over new distribution outlets because unauthorized distribution often results in the producers of the dissemination technology profiting from the exploitation of a new market to which the copyright holder is entitled. She acknowledges, however, that it is not socially optimal for copyright owners to retain complete control over the technologies of dissemination because their first instinct in litigation is to prevent the use of the new technology. Therefore, with most technologies of dissemination of copyright protected works, courts allow the sale of new technologies because it is in the interest of society and of economic value for new markets for the dissemination of works of authorship to be created, but they require the proprietors of such technologies to obtain licenses from copyright owners to distribute copyrighted works.

Since my paper deals with digital media copyright regarding peer to peer file sharing networks I am most interested in the author's analysis of internet technologies. The author explains that the battle between digital media copyright owners (primarily record companies) and producers and distributors of new technologies that disseminate works of authorship on digital networks has led congress to anticipate new forms of exploitation and grant more control to owners of copyrights to facilitate the use of digital networks. She adds, however, that there are many academics who believe that despite any policing efforts by congress and the courts, new technologies will constantly arise to take the place of those that submit to copyright compliance. Further complicating the matter, she introduces a set of "self-styled copyright anarchists" who are determined to continue illicit file sharing activities that evade protective measures supported by copyright legislation. Finally, she considers plans proposed by German and Canadian legislators to impose a surcharge on internet service costs to compensate copyright owners for the inevitable dissemination of their works over the internet. She concedes, however, that this is likely unfeasible since such a surcharge would have to be negotiated among all recording studios and would probably be prohibitively expensive.

 

Cthy's recommendation!

 

Albert Music Hall. Traditional musical gatherings of the NJ Pinelands. An evening of live country, bluegrass, and pinelands music each Saturday night at 7:30 PM. Year round

Berg, Charles Merrell. “Cinema Sings the Blues.” Cinema Journal, 17.2 (Spring 1978): 1-12. University of Texas Press. University of Pennsylvania Library, Philadelphia. 7 April 2008. .

In this article, Berg discusses the relationship between jazz and film—two four-letter words that have experienced criticism, praise, and evolution. Beginning with the similarities between the two, Berg recounts how the origins of jazz and film both begin on the outskirts of society, without much popular support and created through the use of experimentation. Both have experienced problems with the development of technology, both have represented political and social issues, and both have unquestionably transformed American culture, Berg claims. From jazz’s impact on World War I to ragtime, the blues, and the consequent Jazz Age, Berg notes that the highpoint of jazz and the Golden Age of Hollywood were rather simultaneous. Jazz was particularly important once sound was introduced to film, and became a rather commercial commodity once Hollywood began to utilize it (leading to Hollywood’s attempt to “jazz up jazz”). It breathed life into animation, shed light on the significance of black culture in America, vividly portrayed the urban landscapes from which is was born, and soon became a viable alternative to traditional film scores provided by orchestras and symphonies.
Jazz happened to become “officially legitimized” in Hollywood during the early 1950s—exactly when A Streetcar Named Desire was made. Why the 1950s? By this time, Berg states, jazz had experienced its own renaissance, and had become much more sophisticated in sound. Varied and a “sound of surprise,” jazz became a dramatic element in narrative film score, and Streetcar’s soundtrack is no exception. Due to the more realistic content of 1950s film, along with its increased attention toward “misfits and deviants” (Blanche DuBois being a prime example), jazz seemed the most appropriate music to underscore the mood, tension, and storylines of feature films. Just as Tennessee Williams believed there were no rules as to what content he was allowed to comment on, jazz’s use of improvisation and spontaneity complements his forward thinking style in an age where tradition and conformity were still strongly adhered to.

The author of this article uses supply and demand econometrics to quantitatively describe the life cycle of new product introductions and their diffusion into the consumer marketplace. He establishes that there is interdependence between related products, and this is the basis by which one should study how new products are developed and introduced. Thus, color televisions and VCRs are used as the case study example.

In general, there are three steps that take place in consumer goods markets that induce new product introductions. First, once the existing product, in this case television, saturates the market to a certain level, the marginal cost to achieve sales growth exceeds marginal revenue. Second, due to disappointing growth prospects, manufacturers are induced to develop new and innovative products. In fact, with the VCR, Sony had the technology available, but only released the Betamax in 1977 when demand for television started to slow. Finally, once the new product is released, the demand functions for the two interrelated products (the VCR and TV) become intimately correlated. The overarching argument is that new products are more likely to be introduced when the demand for existing products declines due to market saturation.

Importance for thesis:

This paper helps make the conceptual argument, based on both marketing research and econometrics, that the evolution of new technologies is a market force.  Thus, when media companies try to fight this inevitable evolution, they are inherently fighting a lost cause.  This research empowers my thesis that media companies should have seen the VCR as an opportunity to grow profits, not as the end to their existence.  Also, it supports my stance that adapting to new technologies is vital, considering the evidence that new technologies are born from emerging market demands.  Thus, meeting these demands should lead to higher growth and profits than trying to stifle it.  

 

This bibliography combines sources that cover multiple topics including: the French New Wave movement in film, concepts of free will, and sociological analyses of prostitution. The purpose is to examine the Jean-Luc Godard's goals in using French New Wave techniques to portray a woman's descent into prostitution in the film "Vivre Sa Vie".

This bibliography combines sources that cover multiple topics including: the French New Wave movement in film, concepts of free will, and sociological analyses of prostitution. The purpose is to examine the Jean-Luc Godard's goals in using French New Wave techniques to portray a woman's descent into prostitution in the film "Vivre Sa Vie".

yellow cake with cream cheese icing.

you just might not like it. it's a new kind of cake.